Document Based Question on the Colonies Essay - 1142 Words

Document Based Question on the Colonies The 1600s were a time of global expansion, and the search for a new world where people could start their lives anew and have a say in the way their society was run. After Christopher Columbuss discovery of the Americas, countries began to send colonies to settle and establish a presence in the vast and unconquered land. The English sent some of the largest amounts of immigrants to the new world. One†¦show more content†¦The Puritan people who came to the Americas were separatists who sought to establish a new religiously based community that could be immune from outside influences. While the Chesapeake settlers came to the Americas solely to grow tobacco and turn a profit for the joint stock companies that sent them. These differences in purpose are evidenced by the lists of people who first established the colonies. In 1635, the emigrants sent to Virginia by these joint stock companies were composed primarily of young single men in their twenties who could work on the tobacco farms (Doc C). They were not sent with their families and out of the long list of emigrants, only 11 were women. This shows that the stock companies really didnt care if their colonists established a community and were only concerned with making money. The New England list of emigrants however shows entire families, most containing more then four people of relation, who made the trip to the Americas (Doc B). This is due to the fact that the Puritans goal was start a community of religious families who would work together to be successful puritans in the eyes of god. This is shown through puritan leader, John Winthrops writings known as his Â⠀˜City upon a Hill speech (Doc A). 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This question is designed to test your ability to work with and understand historical documents. Write an essay that: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with evidence from the documents. Uses all or all but one of the documents. Analyzes the documents by grouping themRead MoreBirth Of Americ Analysis1332 Words   |  6 PagesStanyslav Borsh Us History-2 9-2-2014 Birth of America Questions Analysis Questions- Please answer each of the following in at least a paragraph, using specific evidence as support. 1. What issue or issues were at the heart of American grievances towards the British government? Provide two specific examples. one example that the Americans had grievances towards the British was that the British imposed different taxes on the colonies. 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During the 1400s, England did not tolerate any church beside the Anglican church. Catholics were persecuted and did not have religious freedom. King Henry VIII split with the Roman Catholic Church over a question of his divorce from CatherineRead MoreSlavery During The American Colonies Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesSlavery in the American colonies had greatly shaped the nation as we know it to be today. After the discovery of the New World, Spanish conquerors intended to enslave Native Americans, but punishment, overwork, and diseases such as small pox and malaria decreased their population rapidly. The only solution was to kidnap African Americans from their homeland and transport them on ships under poor, unsanitary conditions, many of which died of yellow fever, dysentery, or suicide. Upon arrival, theyRead MoreThe Civil War1126 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent ideals on how to achieve that goal. Many historians believe that the Civil War could have been avoided, I for one believe the Civil War was quite inevitable. Obviously, the different ideas are going to cause some tension between the two ‘colonies’. Looking at all the events that did lead to the Civil War I have come to the conclusion that there were three broad causes which lead to the Civil War. The three major causes of the Civil War are the challenges over: political disputes, slavery

Security Management Models for Information Systems Essay

Background Security management within the context of information systems â€Å"needs a paradigm shift in order to successfully protect information assets† (Eloff Eloff, 2003). Due the rapid increase in information security threats, security management measures have been taken to proactively remedy the growing threat facing information security. As a result of this, security management â€Å"is becoming more complex everyday, many organization’s security systems are failing, with serious results† (Fumey-Nassah, 2007). To remedy the increase threats to information security systems, organizations are seeking alternatives to network vulnerabilities from malicious attacks. There are several management measures that organizations must take to fully†¦show more content†¦In ERP systems, security management is critical because an organization must be concerned with â€Å"establishing and maintaining a secure information environment† (Eloff Eloff, 2003). Access co ntrols measures must also be considered when granting access and controls to users of an organization. Furthermore, the restriction of information negates penetration of network vulnerabilities to the access of information assets. When considering a security management approach, organizations must not fail to consider the systematic structure that enables the full functionality of information systems. Essentially, the â€Å"domain of information security management is no longer exclusively of a managerial nature, technical aspects also need to be considered on management level. Information security management can be approached from various perspectives† (Eloff Eloff, 2003). The strategic approaches that an organization decides to pursue will be influenced by the foundational approaches discussed which affect the management, operational and the technical aspects of information systems. There are issues pertaining to technical security, policies, and issues that pertain to management. Furthermore, organizational culture and organization awareness must also be considered when making security management decisions There are severalShow MoreRelatedWeaknesses Of Choicepoint Information Security Management Practices1431 Words   |  6 Pages Question 1. What weaknesses in ChoicePoint Information Security Management practices likely contributed to their data breach? Please explain how they contributed and what Choice Point could do to strengthen these areas. In the ChoicePoint case study, By the end of 2004, ChoicePoint was running a business in the personal data industry with almost $920 million annual revenues. Beside Acxiom and Lexis-Nexis, ChoicePoint was either first or second in that industry. 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The Battle Of Britain Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Battle Of Britain Essay, Research Paper The Battle of Britain Some historiographers talk of important conflicts where the right adult male in the right topographic point at the right clip can change the class of history. Others say that the forces of history are grim and mere persons can hardly trust to act upon, much less deflect or hold them. The Battle of Britain is really close to grounds for the former position. It is known as the greatest aerial conflict of all time fought, and was a big subscriber to the Allies triumph of the Second World War. It came at a clip when Britain, disillusioned by the slaughter of the Great War, was get downing to doubt its powers. Britain? s victory in the conflict would reconstruct their lost assurance and play an of import function in assisting them to get the better of Hitler. In May of 1940 Germany invaded France. We will write a custom essay sample on The Battle Of Britain Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Gallic ground forces and its British and Belgian Alliess were overpowered by the German blitzkrieg. Toward the terminal of May, Allied military personnels were backed up to the seashore of France in the town of Dunkirk. In a dare deliverance effort, an armada of ships from England picked up the soldiers and brought them across the English Channel to safety. Ships of all sorts were used, runing from Royal Navy ships to angling boats. The Royal Air Force provided screen, protecting the military personnels from German planes. Over 300,000 soldiers were saved from the oncoming German ground forces. France fell into German custodies nevertheless, and merely the English Channel separated Great Britain from the enemy. At this clip, Hitler was be aftering operation Seelowe, which would be an effort to occupy Britain. As of all time, the Royal Navy was Britain # 8217 ; s first and last line of defence. The German? s smaller naval forces barely stood a opportunity against the determined British forces. Consequently, Hitler relied to a great extent on the powerful Luftwaffe, the German air force, to command the English Channel and destruct the Royal Navy. The Germans had one great advantage: they had many more aircraft. Besides, the Royal Air Force was urgently in demand O f combatant pilots, as they had little more than 800 of them. This reassured the Luftwaffe, who? s aim was to neutralize the RAF Fighter Command and unafraid bid of the air. These events would all do for the greatest and most surprising aerial conflict of all time fought. A conflict in which non merely Britons, but besides Canadians, Poles, Czechs, Americans, South Africans, Australians, New Zealanders, and the Gallic came together to get the better of one of the greatest immoralities that has of all time existed. The conflict of Britain was the first major conflict fought wholly in the air. Hermann Goring? s air force began its assault on England in July 1940 with more than twice the 600 aircraft available to Sir Hugh Dowding? s Fighter Command. Every twenty-four hours between June and October 1940 the RAF and the Luftwaffe clashed over Britain. The Luftwaffe # 8217 ; s concluding attempt to destruct England # 8217 ; s air force began on Eagle Day, August 13, 1940. Hermann G? pealing thought his vastly superior forces could brush the Royal Air Force from the sky in merely four hebdomads, but hapless conditions and bungled communications hampered the Luftwaffe # 8217 ; s foraies. Eagle Day ended with 46 German aircraft destroyed, compared to merely 14 RAF combatants. The RAF inflicted on Germany their first licking of the war. The Battle of Britain was one of the greatest minutes in British history: although short of planes and pilots, the Royal Air Force held off the Luftwaffe and prevented a German invasion. Churchill called it Britain # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; finest hr # 8221 ; . The major subscriber to Britain? s victory was the radio detection and ranging, the first modern air-defense web based on new engineering. It allowed Fighter Command to hold a good thought of where German onslaughts were heading and how strong they were. The radio detection and ranging forced Hitler to bomb Britain # 8217 ; s metropoliss, trusting for a British resignation by cut downing industry to rubble and weakening the will of the British people. Although many were killed, the mills kept working while the relentless merely united the British people in their finding to crush the Nazi enemy.

The Seventies Essays - Fashion, Music, Counterculture,

The Seventies How the 1970's Shaped American History The Nineteen Seventies was a pop culture decade. From Hippies to Disco and Saturday Night Fever to The Brady Bunch, the Seventies were full of cultural changes that shaped society for years to come. Although pop culture was important, many political outcomes also occurred. The Watergate scandal, the official end of the Vietnam conflict, and the United States Bicentennial all happened during this decade. Oil and nuclear problems arose, and Abortion was legalized for the first time. The Nineteen Seventies are often tarnished by remembrances of them, but in actuality many advances did occur in this ten-year span. When looking back at entertainment, fashion, and music history of the nineteen seventies these were probably the greatest and most influential events of this decade. Many movie stars such as Jane Fonda, Robert Redford, and John Travolta arose in this decade. Movies like Jaws, Saturday Night Fever, Rocky and Star Wars were on the movie screens and were a new type of uninhibited film that had never before been socially allowed before the seventies. Musically, with the exception of Disco of course, the seventies will be highly revered. Lynrd Skynrd, Bob Marley, Simon and Garfunkel, Led Zeppelin, The Eagles and countless other groups arose on the rock scene. We must however also acknowledge Disco and groups such as the Bee Gee's and KC and the Sunshine Band. Clothing was completely free and bell bottoms, bikini's and love beads were commonplace. There were no longer strict dress codes and the new free spirit of the seventies definitely demonstrated that. T.V.'s went to color, V.C.R.'s were invented, DNA was just beginning to be unfolded, technology was beginning to blossom. Atari was invented, computers enhanced, and home appliances were rejuvenated. The early seventies entailed such things as the Kent State University Massacre in 1970, which resulted in the deaths of four innocent students by National Guardsmen, and The Roe v. Wade Supreme Court decision in 1973 that helped to spawn the women's movement that engrossed the entire decade. The first Earth Day was celebrated on April 22, 1970 and launched a new environmental movement, and anti war protest were all around until the official U.S. pullout from the Vietnam conflict in 1973. Charles Manson planned the murders of dozens of people, and it was apparent that society was drastically changing. The Richard Nixon Watergate scandal involving Democratic headquarter information that implicated the president in illegal cover-ups and activities with funds was probably the one thing that most people remember most about the 1970's. Those interviewed, and researchers have both said that it was the most significant event of the decade. It caused an intense distrust of the Federal Government, and the Democratic party, which has stemmed into politics today. This event, which led to the impeachment proceedings and ultimate resignation of president Richard Nixon on August 9, 1974 made a lasting impression on politics, government, public opinion, and the way democracy is cared for. Nuclear testing, resulting in health and environmental problems was also a hot topic in this time period. The Nuclear waste spill and radioactive leak at The Three Mile Island Nuclear plant in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania in 1979. The new environmental feeling that was being brought about in this decade helped to bring about the idea of safe nuclear projects and disposal of nuclear waste. Foreign relations, on the whole were not good with Iran, or Russia. We had a hostage crisis with Iran, a Grain embargo with Russia, and an oil embargo leading to a gas crisis in the United States. The feminist movement was at it's pinnacle in the 1970's. Because of activists such as Gloria Steinem and Bella Apzug, women were getting more recognition. Women sports stars such as Billy Jean King were also becoming famous. Workplace discrimination was addressed, rallies held, and bra burning commenced. This free time enabled women to fight for what they believed in without worrying about what it would look like to others. The Roe v. Wade decision by the Supreme Court gave women more freedom of choice, as well as the readily available birth control pill. Along with this women's revolution there was a sexual revolution in the 1970's. Contraception

What methods are available to the Four Seasons Essay Example

What methods are available to the Four Seasons Essay Example What methods are available to the Four Seasons Essay What methods are available to the Four Seasons Essay This posh consumer looks toward the Four Seasons, which has a relatively positive brand image in its marketplace, for providing superior accommodations at the aesthetic level and also as far as how the brand links image with the self-concept of traveling consumers. The Four Seasons does not currently utilize any form of loyalty programmer, with the brand considering points-based programmer as decrease and unimportant to the hotels money-is-no-object clientele Monsoons, 2005; Bentley, 2005). In the past, this type of belief has driven a very solid profit model as consumers return to enjoy the modern and upscale accommodations offered by this pricey, yet consumer-focused hotel chain. However, the problem in this situation is that todays consumer, even the shifting trend in this demographic target group where value and cost savings are coming acceptable and common beliefs, in a variety of different product and service varieties. This shifting trend maintains the ability to erode customer loyalty from the Four Seasons if the business is not able to project a sense of value to even the more upscale consumer. Failure to adopt a loyalty programmer could spell financial problems for the hotel chain as consumers respond, in a difficult economy, with changing social values which lead to less loyalty toward a specific brand. Therefore, the problem with Four Seasons is a leadership focus on traditional marketing objectives which are likely not as effective for todays value-focused nonuser in building loyalty. II. Background The achievement of brand loyalty, in the hospitality industry, especially noticeable in the hotel industry, is what drives the highest marketing return on investment (Rica, 2009). Brand loyalty can best be defined as the achievement of such a powerful consumer sentiment about the products brand or service elements that they begin to demand this particular brand over all other competitors in their similar marketplace. Brand loyalty, by this definition, is not likely to be achieved without significant investment into marketing promotion with concentrated advertising. Loyalty marketing is a strategy, not a tactic (Humbly, Hunt and Phillips, 2004, p. 1 2). Today, it appears competition are using loyalty schemes with various points accumulation for incentive-based marketing (Thornton, 2006). According to Shogun (2005), current loyalty programs appear to be unrelated to the creation of brand loyalty. Long gone are the days of the one-size-fits all loyalty program (Vantage, 2008, p. 4). This should give opportunity for todays hotel industries to actively reexamine existing loyalty programs to consider whether it is bringing positive ROI to their marketing investment into these programs. It is important for the hospitality industry to understand that the best return on promotional investment is to achieve this brand loyalty, therefore it becomes paramount to recognize how best to achieve this loyalty through contemporary marketing which fits the consumers lifestyle and needs profiles. There seems to be a fundamental shift in what drives brand loyalty in todays hospitality industry, where consumers are not as driven by visual images and logo presentation but are requesting aspects of service quality and reward in order to offer their loyalty to any particular brand. As illustrated by Figure 1, this industry is in a period of significant sales decline. Figure 1: Tourism Forecast to 2010 Sales in Billions Growth 2009 Growth 2010 Travel and Leisure 41 . 335 -11. 3 -4. 9 Source: Techno. Com (2009). Customer loyalty is driven by consumer sentiment toward the brand. In some instances, a longer-lived brand could have been a part of negative publicity or a scandalous scenario during its life cycle which damaged its brand reputation in its target client audience. In reverse, the brand could have achieved high volume of positive public relations or had satisfied many consumers and achieved a quality tutus amongst competitors. It would seem logical to assume that in order to achieve brand loyalty, the brand must have a quality reputation in its competitive, consumer- driven marketplaces. With this noticeable shift in consumer behavior and their responses to marketing promotion, and the need for loyalty to exist in order to provide ROI on marketing efforts, it becomes vital to understand what methods are available for the Four Seasons Hotel to ensure customer loyalty. That is what this study intended to uncover. The hospitality industry, in most developed, consumer-driven regions, is a very nominative marketplace with the need for differentiation strategies, as part of marketing, to create a solid brand name which maintains characteristics unique from competition from the consumer perspective. There is little research information available regarding the achievement of brand loyalty both in difficult economic environments or during a period where consumer sentiment has apparently shifted radically in terms of their response to promotion. These are two noticeable contemporary trends in consumer behavior, therefore this study maintains the ability to provide the Four Seasons Hotel with quality insight into new consumer values and heir willingness to provide loyalty based on demands or personal needs. To discover: what methods are available to the Four Seasons Hotel to ensure customer loyalty. Since the Four Seasons does not currently utilize loyalty programmer to build better consumer interest in the brand, despite the evidence provided of its importance in this industry, it is important to understand what methods of loyalty-building would be beneficial for this hotel chain. Objectives 1 . Identify what drives todays customers to choose one hospitality industry over another in highly competitive hospitality markets. 2. Identify the current marketing activities of several hospitality-oriented companies (case studies) in which positive customer loyalty has been achieved in order to assist Four Seasons with developing a relevant model for loyalty-building. 3. Understand what the Four Seasons is currently performing in terms of marketing to build loyalty. IV. Research Design Qualitative analysis is the most logical data source for uncovering a trend in consumer values related to brand loyalty in the hospitality industry today. This type of analysis is interpretative in which personal knowledge in a variety of domains of duty is used as a Justification for analysis of various secondary source materials to uncover noticeable trends. Thus, this study consulted with recently published marketing- and hospitality-oriented Journals and other secondary source materials as the logical starting point for consumer trend analysis. Because the information required for analysis is needed from both the consumer and the industry standpoint, the development of a primary research study would be impractical due to time and budget restrictions. Primary research, in the form of consumer research studies, could have provided this study with valuable, real-time nonuser sentiment. However, secondary source analysis provided this study with valuable, rather surprising data which did not Justify the viewpoints of marketing professionals identified when this study was first proposed. Instead, the achievement of brand loyalty is driven by factors more closely related to lifestyle and through service-oriented efforts on behalf of the hospitality organization. This trend was more noticeable when looking at the situation from the industry perspective rather than the consumer perspective and by assessing the nature by which competitors in these resource analysis provided significant value to the fulfillment of the study objectives without the biases sometimes included in consumer sentiment surveys or questionnaires. Journals were selected from both domestic sources and international sources, as many hotels and restaurants operate in the global environment. Therefore, in order to gain the perspective of foreign consumers as well, the online environment was chosen as a logical medium for this study research methodology to locate Journals and other marketing publications for these consumers. Global hoteliers and saturates who operate in multi-national, multi-cultural environments, it was determined, might best benefit from this broadened consumer analysis. To ensure reliability, each of the secondary source materials consulted and utilized for this study was assessed for quality in relation to the publications reputation or the authors professional skill-set. No resources which presented opinionated or columnist-style viewpoints were deemed appropriate for this study and were rejected for their lack of reliability and credentials of authorship knowledge. There were no ethical issues involved with this study as it involved no primary search or use of human study participants. V. Data Presentation and Data Analysis 4. Background Due to todays difficult economic conditions which are occurring in many regions today, nearly two-thirds of consumers polled in a recent survey identified that reward points were either very important or extremely important when choosing a hospitality and travel brand (Wing, 2009). However, much to the industry dismay, only one-third of these same consumers actually belonged to a travel loyalty or rewards program (Wing). This shows a very strong disconnect between marketing effectiveness, the return on investment, as consumers have identified their importance but are not subscribing to these benefit programs. The Four Seasons, if choosing to adopt a new loyalty programmer, must be concerned with low subscriber ratios and work to promote the new programmer to build consumer interest. Though many travelers identify the importance of these loyalty- based concepts, low subscriber ratios could enhance the problem of implementing such a programmer at Four Seasons. This would have to be an immediate focus It seems, also, that women are the most logical target market when considering who s most able and willing to provide tourism dollars in this industry. Cavalier (2008) identifies that women make up 83 percent of all consumer purchases, thus to capture the woman buyer you have to understand the woman psyche and it has been discovered that trust is central to female loyalty (Cavalier, p. 1 7). Since women are likely the contributing force behind the decision to travel and frequent the hospitality industry, marketers should also focus on women when trying to create vacation promotions or lifestyle connections. Fortunately for the Four Seasons, the brand has built a positive reputation in its archetypal and there is a considerable amount of trust in the brand in relation to service provision and accommodations excellence. If implementing a new loyalty programmer to build higher sales volumes and increase loyalty, the company should direct the majority of its marketing toward the female customer as they will make most of the traveling decisions, even in the more upscale market audience. 4. The consumer profile The winners will be the brands that offer exceptional value and service, offers Betsy Resource, senior UP of marketing at Yamaha Worldwide, a hotel with over 7,000 units (Blitz, 2008, p. ). Value would seem to represent cost-savings from this viewpoint during an economic period where traveling consumers are not satisfying profit objectives. Travelers hate being nickel and dimmed to death for every service like Internet access, local calls, use of a business centre or gym (Blitz, p. 2). Brand loyalty can likely not be established when service-oriented charges are present based on this trend toward value orientation. The Four Seasons could benefit from this new value-focused consumer by promoting internal cost reductions on previously-charged-for services. Even though these efforts could undercut return on investment costs for items like Internet or telephone calls, the pricing used for a single nights stay is some of the highest in the hotel industry, thus these changes would likely represent a better focus on value provision, therefore enhancing loyalty in the process. These are small-scale steps to solve the problem which exists at the Four Seasons today, in terms of holding onto traditional marketing which might no longer generate the same loyalty in the mind of the value- focused traveler. Some restaurants in the hospitality industry have recently been using eat free loyalty orgasm where a specified amount of stay is required to earn free meals, when the hotel offers such amenities. However, two marketing experts identify that such efforts are counterproductive with the forms difficult to fill out for the foreign user Moons and Commodity, 2008, p. 268). Such eat free programs seem to have little to do with loyalty creation. An eat free loyalty programmer could appeal to the value-minded traveler without much cost to the business operational model. Offering these small-scale perks, by delivering them face-to-face to clients to express appreciation, could be the loyalty ump needed to satisfy new beliefs on total value with a nights stay at Four Seasons or any other competitor. Recent statistics illustrate that when consumers have a problem related to staff, they are 47 percent less likely to return to that hotel again (Barky and Nash, 2007, p. 4). This is a very high volume of people who can be affected by staff relationships, therefore internal issues should be considered as part of management focus for building brand loyalty. And, offers Mettles (2007), any negative issues should be handled quickly to repair damage to reputation. Barky and Nash (2006) further identify that people are influenced toward loyalty through value for price , the cleanliness of the room, the employees positive attitude, and friendliness of the concierge or front desk. These are relatively simple, fundamental consumer values which would likely be easy to coordinate for organizational structures designed for service focus. A comfy bed Just doesnt stand out anymore (Higgins, 2007, p. 42). Holiday Inn Hotels Resorts, a multi-demographic, multi-unit global hotel organization recognized this and developed a People Notice service program designed to each internal employees owe to be an everyday hero to guests to make them feel recognized and special (Higgins, p. 42, Brine, 2006). Service-minded organizations appear to be making positive ground with consumers in terms of brand loyalty. Having positive internal staff which is efficient, rapid response time to internal problems, and programmer designed to recognize individual consumers are activities which are currently undertaken at the very efficient Four Seasons Hotel. The brand is well-known for its capable staff and has a positive reputation in this regard. Though the internal accommodations are posh and upscale, clearly having a comfy, esthetics environment will no longer work for the chain in building loyalty when value focus describes todays traveler for this hotel. The Four Seasons needs to go the extra proverbial mile to reinforce the value of consumers and ensure that internal activities are efficient, friendly, and creates positive relationships with people in order to build loyalty. Hotels must clearly define what they are and what they want to be in the eyes of their guests and their employees. Brand loyalty is maintained by offering guests a consistently excellent experience (Gunter, 2006, p. 24). The key in this situation is that consumers are demanding consistency in service delivery, which would point toward developing staff as a step toward brand loyalty for the Four Seasons. To build loyalty, a business must: Look through the lens of the customer, exceed their expectations, and make it easy to do business with you (Hanoverian, 2007, p. 54). This again points toward another service-oriented aspect, an industry issue, as a step toward satisfying client demands. Again, this is where the Four Seasons excels, therefore in terms of building loyalty, the company is on the pent more than $43 million in advertising in 2008. However, the business is expected to obtain revenue of 1. 2 billion. Clearly marketing is a significant investment in this competitive industry in the pursuit of building brand loyalty. Further research identified that nearly 50 percent of some hotels, in ideal marketplaces, have guests which stay from seven to 29 days (Chipping, 2006). This is a significant margin, thus service provision would likely be highly scrutinized by this long-staying guest when choosing future hotels for extended stays, an aspect which would drive brand loyalty. This is a much more profitable customer. The Four Seasons hotel must also recognize that long-term guests represent a very significant profit margin and work consistently in providing better service than other upscale hotel competitors. A renewed focus on staffing and positive service provision is key to building loyalty in this chain. 4. 3 Costs and consumer satisfaction One representative of the hotel industry identifies that online concierge services are helping to build loyalty (McMullen, 2006, p. 22). If consumers are turning toward the ease and convenience of online services, they will likely appreciate a flexible and odder brand which is able to make their stay as convenient and hassle-free as possible, which was suggested by Hanoverian (2007) as a key success tool for building loyalty. Research did not uncover whether Four Seasons is making use of an online concierge, however with the growing trend toward Internet usage and mobile technologies, keeping an image of modernism can build loyalty for Four Seasons. Some hotels are even offering pet-friendly environments to appeal to the consumer needs. However, only 2 to 5 percent of guests actually bring animals (Chipping, 2006), thus this is not mass-market focused and likely not a success factor unless engendering niche marketing to diversify clientele. The Four Seasons upscale client often have cherished pets which they pamper and spend considerable resources on. Recognizing that some upscale travelers view their pets much like children could be a new loyalty focus. In terms of value-focus, the dog-loving consumer would likely appreciate the ability to bring their child on vacations with them, thus giving Four Seasons a competitive edge in this regard. An emotional bond must be created with the consumer in order to achieve loyalty (Mantilla, 2006). Emotions play a dominant role in explaining satisfaction and brand loyalty (Back and Kim, 2009, p. ). Since it is cheaper to keep current customers than to obtain new ones (Tepees, 1999), achieving a positive brand reputation and brand proposed by Pence (2008) at this study proposal stage offering a model known as the VALS 2 chart, assessing eight distinct consumer personality and lifestyle trends per demographic group. Emotions are clearly key to reputation and loyalty-creation. The emo tion attached with the new pet-friendly loyalty campaign speaks to the potential effectiveness of this strategy for Four Seasons with the new lifestyle focus marketing and promotion. Red Lion Hotels recently changed its brand name (previously West Coast Hospitality) in order to deliver on a promise to make guests comfortable (Browning, 2008). The ability to deliver on a distinct brand promise can increase demand and build customer loyalty (hospitality. Org, 2009). Further, Kiang, Dave and Oar (2002) offer that brand extensions are helpful in building consumer loyalty, likely because the leveraged brand name has a positive market reputation. The brand promise tends to commit to the consumer with another focus on service delivery. Four Seasons leadership does not believe that any extended brands or brand name hanged should be under its parent company umbrella for reasons of brand identification and reputation for the hotel chain on the market. The hotel desires to stay the Four Seasons and is not looking for expansion. However, evidence suggests that a rebinding or altered brand strategy, using new hotels with new brand names, can give opportunities to change any reputation damage and also reinforce the quality of the parent brand company. Four Seasons may wish to reconsider this aspect when building loyalty as a meaner to extend and publicly promote the diverse family of brands under the Four Seasons direction. Linking a positive brand name with a new brand can give Four Seasons new flexibility and design a variety of loyalty programmer to a new client demographic. There is clearly a consumer shift moving toward the quality and consistently of service delivery when determining which hospitality brand deserves more loyalty than other competing hospitality brand. Since they consider the loyalty program and rewards associated with them to be of high priority when determining travel, it would make good business sense for the Four Seasons to implement them to best fit consumer demands and lifestyle-related expectations. Such efforts would require Taft members to be developed as consistent, motivated and professional service providers to satisfy consumer demands and deliver the consistent quality of service that guests come to expect. Consumers are watching their economic portfolios, something which was evident when analyzing their dissatisfaction with being nickel and dimmed to death as described by Blitz (2008). The current economy across the globe is forcing many individuals, at all levels of financial backgrounds, to reexamine their spending policies. A points-based loyalty programmer at the Four Seasons would be good business sense based in the information provided.

What Is Summer School Guide for High School Students

What Is Summer School Guide for High School Students SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips When you think of how you want to spend your summer vacation, sitting in a classroom is probably not the first thing that comes to mind.However, summer school can be a great way for you to get ahead in high school and give yourself an advantage in college admissions. These days students with all kinds of grades take summer classes. You might take summer school to understand a particular subject better,to free up more time in your schedule during the school year, or to take an advanced class at your high school, nearby college, or online. Read this complete guide on summer school for high school students to learneverything you need to know about what summer school is, why people take it, and how you can use it to get ahead. What Is Summer School? You probably know that summer school refers to classes that students take during the summer, outside of the regular academic school year.However, more specifically, summer school for high school students can be a lot of different things: It can be a way for you to retake a class you found difficult, take specialized courses in areas that interest you, get a head-start on prerequisites and college classes, and more. Summer school can be classes done through your high school, at a community college or local university, or through a program that includes classes, such as a summer camp. Online summer school, where students take classes primarily on a computer at home, is becoming more popular. Many of these classes require students to visit the school once or twice to take exams or turn in final projects, but some classes are also offered completely online.Online classes may be offered through your high school, a college or university, or through a specialized online high school program. Why Do Students Take Summer School? As mentioned above, there are multiple reasons why a high school student would take classes over the summer. Below are three of the most common reasons. Reason 1: To Improve Their Grades Historically, the most common reason thatpeople took summer school was that they needed to improve their grades in one or more classes. There are still many students who take summer school for this reason, and many of them find it easier to earn bettergrades during the summer because summer school often hassmaller classes, more one-on-one interaction with the teacher, and fewer distractions, such as other classes, school sports, or clubs to worry about. Reason 2: To Take Specialized Classes Sometimes, students will also take summer school classes in order to take a certain class they wouldn’t be able to enroll in during the school year.This could be a class they don’t have room in their schedule for or a specialized class, such as a course on a specific subject or an intensive foreign language course. Some schools also offer short certificate programs over the summer. These can cover a variety of topics, such as entrepreneurship, computer science, and more. Sometimes schools offer classes during the summer that they don’t normally offer during the school year. You will likely have an even wider variety of summer school class options if you look at classes at community colleges or online.Taking a specialized class can allow you to learn more about a topic you’re interested in and help you gain new skills and knowledge. Reason 3: To Prepare For College Summer school can also help you get a head start on the rest of your education, including college. Some students take summer school as a way to get prerequisites out of the way so that they can take more advanced classes during the school year. At my high school, every student was required to take a basic typing class before they graduated, and many students took this class over the summer because it wasn’t very challenging and could be taken online. This gave us an extra space in our schedule to fill with an elective we wanted to take. You can also take community college classes over the summer, which you may be able to get high school or college credit for. These classes can help you get more used to what college classes will be like so that you feel more prepared and confident once you start college. Having college classes, even introductory classes from a community college, will also strengthen your college applications because it will show schools that you can handle the rigor of a college course. How Can You Do Well in Summer School? Whatever the reason you’re taking summer school classes, it’s important that you do well in them. They’re using up some of your important summer time, and you want to make sure you don’t waste that time by doing poorly in the classes. Summer school classes are a bit different from classes taken during the school year, and there are a few strategies you can use to maximize your chances of success. Tip 1: Take Fewer Classes at a Time Unless you absolutely need to take multiple classes in order to graduate, it’s a good idea to only take 1-2 classes at a time during summer school.Summer school classes are often shorter than regular classes (often 6-8 weeks long, compared to a whole semester), so they are usuallymore intensive and require a greater time commitment. Taken fewer classesis especially important if you are retaking a particular class because you’ll be ableto be able to focus more of your time and energy on getting a higher grade this time around if you don’t have other classes to worry about. Tip 2: Create a Study Schedule Taking summer classes can be hard. There are probably a lot of things you’d rather be doing like seeing your friends, being outside, playing sports,etc.,and it can be easy to get distracted. Either before or right after you start summer school, create a study schedule that lets you plan when you will put aside time to study and do homework.If you can set aside the same time every day, like 4:00-5:30pm every afternoon, that can make it easier to stick to your study schedule and plan other activities.Set goals for what you want to accomplish each day or week, whether it’s a project you need to complete, papers to read, or just general studying and homework. On the other hand, make sure you are giving yourself enough time to take a break and relax. Summer school can be demanding, and if you overtax yourself, you may end up burned out by the time the school year starts, which you don’t want to do because it could cause your other grades to suffer.If you need help creating your study schedule, ask a parent or teacher for some guidance. Tip 3: Ask For Help Early Summer school classes are often smaller than regular classes, and this means you’ll have more interaction with the teacher. Use this to your advantage by asking for help early if something confuses you or doesn’t make sense.Particularly if you are retaking a class you struggled in before, you want to make sure you don’t repeat the same mistakes you did the first time.Teachers are happy to help students who ask, and they won’t think any questions you askare dumb, so don’t be afraid to let them know you need something explained more or in a different way. If you’ve already taken the class before and know whichareas you struggled in, you may want to tell this to your teacher early on so they can prepare you for the topic better and possiblygive you some additional material to look over to make sure you understand the subject. Asking a teacher for extra help as soon as you don't understand the material can help you keep your grades up in summer school. Should You Take Summer School? If you’re wondering whether or not to take summer school, ask yourself the following three questions. If any of the scenarios apply to you, then you may want to consider summer classes. For each scenario, the best way to take these summer classes is also mentioned so you can be sure you get the benefits you want out of summer school. Question 1: Do You Want, or Need, to Improve Your Grades? Is there an especially low grade on your transcript that you wish you could erase?If you did poorly in a certain class, summer school is a great way to redeem yourself and retake the class for (hopefully!) a better grade. Even just one especially low grade, such as a D or F, can really bring down your GPA and hurt your chances of getting into competitivecolleges.Even if the class shows up as a retake on your transcript, if you got a good grade in itthe second time around, that will look much better than havinga very low grade. Best option: If this is the case for you, you will probably take your summer school classes through your high school in order to improve your grade in a particular class. Question 2: Are There Specific Classes You're Interested in Taking? Is there a class you’d like to take that is only offered in the summer or you don’t have time to take during the school year? Summer school could be a way to fit it into your schedule. You could get creative here and take a class in photography, wilderness skills, a foreignlanguage, ora differentinterest you have. Summer school doesn't have to be boring! Best option: Depending on which classes you’re interested in, you can take them through your high school, at a community college, at a summer program, or online. Talk to your academic adviserif you’re not sure which classes to take and want to know what your options are. If you take classes at a place other than your high school, make sure you understand exactly if and how you will receive credit for them. Question 3: Do You Want to Get Ahead on Classes? Are you trying to get prerequisitesout of the way or want totake advanced classes toimprove your chances of getting into a competitive college? If so, taking summer classes can be a way for you to have more space in your schedule for other classes, strengthen your transcript, and be more prepared for college. Best option: If you’re trying to take some prerequisites over the summer, you’ll probably take them through your high school because courses through other schools may not meet the prereq requirements. If you want to take classes to prepare you for college, you will likely take these at a community college or nearby university. You may also be able to take advanced summer classes through your high school. Should You Do Online Summer School? Online summer school for high school students is becoming more and more popular, and it’s easy to see why. Online classes often allow you to do schoolwork on your own schedule and reduce the time and hassle of traveling to class.However, is online summer school a good idea for everyone? Online classes can have several drawbacks including the following: Less direct interaction with the instructor Requires more self-motivation Can be more challenging to understand If you’re trying to decide whether or not to take summer school online, you should talk to people who know your study habits, such as teachers and parents, to help make the best decision. However, in general, you shouldn’t take online summer school classes if you struggle to motivate yourself to study and complete work on time, or if you struggled with the class before and want more guidance from and interaction with the instructor.Both of these issuescan be exacerbated with online classes. You should also base your decision on how difficult you expect the class to be. For a relatively easy class, you need to take as a basic graduation requirement, such as typing or health, online classes will likely cause you fewer problems than if you were taking a more challenging course. Because the class you're taking isn't that difficult, you'll be able to handle the issuesthat online classes can sometimes create, and you'll be able to easily get the class out of the way and focus on tougher classes during the school year. Summary There are many reasons for students take summer school, whether it’s to improve their grades, take a certain class they couldn’t take during the school year, or become more prepared for college. Summer school can be taken through your high school, at a community or local college, or through a company or organization that offers summer classes. Most summer classes are in-person, but online classes are becoming more popular. You don’t want to waste your summer taking a class you end up not doing well in. In order to make sure you get good grades in summer school you should limit the number of classes you take, create a study schedule, and ask for help early on if you don’t understand the material. If you’re not sure whetheryou should take summer school or you don’t know what classes to take, talk to a teacher, parent, or academic adviserto figure out what the best option for you is. What's Next? Want to learn more about online high school? Check out our guide to online high schooland learn if it's the right choice for you. Is there a certain class you want to take, but it isn't offered by your school or doesn't fit into your schedule? You may be able to take an independent study! Read this guide for everything you need to know about independent study classes and how to take one yourself. Trying to decide whether to take an AP class or a class at a community college? We go over the pros and cons of each to help you make the best decision. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Derrida's Deconstructionism and how it is a critique of the concepts Essay

Derrida's Deconstructionism and how it is a critique of the concepts of 'presence' and 'centre' - Essay Example It is a critical and yet uncritical in its subversion. Just like looking on how to destroy or to defeat an enemy" http://www.geocities.com/philodept/diwatao/derrida_and_saussure.htm Different scholars and critics defined Deconstruction in their own way. Somehow with many definitions the theory became richer over the years. "It represents a complex response to a variety of theoretical and philosophical movements of the 20th century, most notably Husserlian phenomenology, Saussurean and French structuralism, and Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis" http://prelectur.stanford.edu/lecturers/derrida/deconstruction.html Derrida starts with the structure, but he is not happy with the binary structure and showed that dualisms are never equivalent; but are hierarchically placed. He said one pole is privileged at the expense of the other. The centre and presence are the originally attributed qualities to the speech, which have been continuing for a long time now. Speech has been given more importance, whereas the writing has been relegated into the secondary place. He said the logocentric tradition of the western thought since Plato has made the written word as a mere representation of the spoken word. Paul De Mann is another critic who adopted the same style of criticism. It is best understood as a textual strategy. He posed a challenge to metaphysical speculation. He argued: "Structure has always been neutralised or reduced.by giving it a centre or referring it to a point of presence, a fixed origin," Derrida (1978, p.278) and even the quantitative enlargement of adding historical experience does not help it. He started with exposing the problems of centred discourses. "Derrida argues that the "structure" determining these discourses (including "structuralist" theory itself) always presupposes a "centre" that ensures a point of origin, meaning, being, or presence. What troubles Derrida is that the centre determines a given systems structure but is itself strangely above or transcendent of such structural analysis or scrutiny" http://www.usp.nus.edu.sg/post/poldiscourse/spivak/deconstruction.html His argument is that the centre that ensures a presence. The presence, he says, is the original state and should come first, just like how the world is present around us, and it is connected to the consciousness and self-reflection and gives a meaning. This means, presence is the predicate for a text's meaning, according to Derrida. It is accepted that Derrida had great influence on the intellectual thinking of the world. The paper he presented to John Hopkins University in 1966 changed the critical movement in United States. In this paper he uses the structure, structuralist theory while saying that there exists a centre in every structure. He argues that this is needed by the readers because it is definite that there is an existing presence. The centre is the main unity that supports the structure, which would not have contained much meaning without that centre. "if we try to undo the centring concept of 'consciousness' by asserting the disruptive counterforce of the 'unconscious' we are in danger of introducing a new centre, because we cannot choose but enter the conceptual system (conscious/unconscious) we are trying to dislodge," Selden (1985, p.144). Deconstruction and poststructuralism have been in close terms